Renminbi inclusion in global reserve basket to deepen nation's reforms in financial sector
The inclusion of the renminbi among the elite reserve currencies of the International Monetary Fund over the weekend will push ahead reforms linked to the currency's internalization and marketization, according to economists. They also discounted speculation it would prompt a sharp depreciation of the currency.
The IMF approved the yuan as the fifth elite currency to join the special drawing rights basket, which is a foreign exchange reserve asset that includes the U.S. dollar, euro, yen and the British pound.
"The RMB's acquisition of SDR status marks a milestone, which is equivalent to that of China's entry into the World Trade Organization in 2001," said He Zhicheng, former senior economist with the Agricultural Bank of China.
"But it only marks the beginning on its journey to become a global reserve currency," He said. "It would prompt the government to move ahead with reforms in the financial sector."
The renminbi has leapfrogged other currencies to occupy the third-largest share of the new SDR basket at 10.92 percent, following the U.S. dollar's 41.73 percent and the euro's 30.93 percent.
Rising demand for yuan assets brought by inclusion in the SDR basket will push China to deepen reform and the internationalization of yuan, at a time when China is becoming more integrated into the global market, according to Zhao Xueqing, an economist with the Institute of International Finance, a think tank affiliated with the Bank of China.
The renminbi has been the fifth-most-used currency for global payments for the second consecutive month, according to SWIFT, the global transaction service.
Yuan-dominated direct investment saw rapid growth from January to August, when the total reached 1.62 trillion yuan ($242 billion), up 61.7 percent year-on-year.
Over the past decade, the world has witnessed the rapid rise of the Chinese currency.
But the SDR inclusion's impact on the government's tightening of controls over the yuan's exchange rate will be rather minimal, according to Sun Lijian, an economics professor with Shanghai-based Fudan University.
Sun played down speculation that the central bank would allow a sharp depreciation right after the yuan's inclusion.
Depreciation pressure
While the yuan does face a certain level of depreciation pressure against the U.S. dollar, mainly driven by a potential U.S. interest rate hike in December, it "does not face long-term depreciation pressure", he said.
"The RMB's inclusion into the SDR basket, with its rising status as global currency, can be a hedge against the pressure of depreciation, if anything," he said, referring to the fact that capital inflows brought by increasing demand for yuan assets would help stabilize the exchange rate.
Lian Ping, chief economist with Bank of Communications, shared similar views and said that the yuan's exchange rate depends more on the fundamentals of the economy and market expectations.
