MYTH #4: PUPIL DILATION OCCURS ONLY IN RESPONSE TO CHANGES IN LIGHT.
误解4：人眼只有在应对光线变化的时候才会出现瞳孔扩张.
Sexual arousal, solving a complicated mental math problem, fear, and other cognitive and emotional events can provoke changes in pupil size, though the precise reasons why are not yet clearly understood.
我们的情绪和精神状态也会造成瞳孔扩张,性唤起、解决了复杂的数学问题和恐惧等都会让瞳孔大小发生变化,不过人类并未完全了解其中的原因.
MYTH #5: UV RAYS CAN ONLY DAMAGE EYES WHEN THE SUN IS SHINING.
误解5：只有阳光灿烂的时候紫外线才能损害我们的眼睛.
Even on cloudy and foggy days, ultraviolet (UV) radiation can cause eye damage. Years of exposure can increase your risk of developing cataracts.
即便在多云和大雾天气,紫外线也会伤害我们的眼睛,多年持续下来会增大你患白内障的风险.
MYTH #6: WEARING GLASSES TOO MUCH CAN MAKE YOUR EYESIGHT WORSE.
误解6：戴眼镜越久近视越深.
Giving the correct prescription "reduces the progression of myopia."
戴度数合适的眼镜会让"近视度数增长变慢".
MYTH #7: READING IN DIM LIGHT WILL DIMINISH YOUR EYESIGHT.
误解7：在昏暗的灯光下阅读会损害视力
While reading in semi-darkness may put a temporary strain on your eyes, it's not going to permanently damage your eyesight.
在昏暗的灯光下阅读会暂时让你的眼睛用力过度,但不会永久损害你的视力.
MYTH #8: IF YOUR PARENTS HAVE BAD EYESIGHT, YOU WILL, TOO.
误解8：视力不好会遗传.
You might, of course, because some eye problems are genetic. But there's no guarantee that we will develop the same vision impairments as our parents. One study found that if both parents are myopic, there's a 30 to 40 percent chance that the child is. If only one parent is myopic, the child has a 20 to 25 percent chance, and it's down to 10 percent for kids with non-myopic parents.
有些眼睛问题会遗传,但这并不意味着我们视力受损的程度会与父母一致.有研究发现如果父母双方是近视,那么他们孩子近视的概率为百分之三十至百分之四十.如果父母仅一人近视,那么孩子近视的概率为百分之二十至百分之二十五.若父母双方均不近视,那么孩子近视的概率为百分之十.
MYTH #9: TOO MUCH SCREEN TIME WILL DESTROY YOUR EYESIGHT.
误解9：盯屏幕时间过久会损害视力.
More and more people are complaining of symptoms like dry, irritated eyes after prolonged periods of screen time. The American Optometric Association (AOA) defines this group of symptoms collectively as Computer Vision Syndrome—or Digital Eye Strain—which can be further exacerbated by trying to focus on small screens such as tablets or phones. The AOA recommends following the 20-20-20 rule: Every 20 minutes, take a 20-second break to look at something 20 feet away.
越来越多人长时间盯着屏幕之后会眼干眼涩,美国眼科协会将这些症状统称为计算机视觉综合症,继续盯着小屏幕会让这种症状加重.美国眼科协会建议人们遵循20-20-20规则：每隔二十分钟,休息二十秒钟,并试图看看20英尺以外的东西.
MYTH #10: THE RIGHT "VITAMIN COCKTAIL" CAN PREVENT VISION DECLINE.
误解10：正确的"维他命鸡尾酒"能够防止视力下降.
According to Harvard researchers, vitamins may help slow the progression of macular degeneration, but for people not already suffering from the disease, preventative use of such vitamins didn't appear to make a significant difference.
哈佛的研究人员指出,维他命也许能够减缓黄斑退化的过程,但对于没啥毛病的人来说,用这类维他命预防并没有什么效果.
