"Every movement has to be on point," Wang said. "You need to memorize the whole script, and sing the lines of all kinds of characters, while showing their emotions with the puppet strings."
Shadow plays went through a hiatus during the tumult of the Cultural Revolution between 1966 and 1976, but reemerged shortly after in the early 1980s, when the art was involved in rural marriage ceremonies, funerals and banquets.
Since the reform and opening-up, however, a large number of rural residents moved to the cities for better jobs, while domestic appliances like TV sets and radios became popular. The art began to lose younger audiences and had to compete with modern entertainment.
Wang gave up puppetry in 1991 and went to the southern metropolis of Shenzhen to work on a pig farm. He soon made lots of money, but could not forget his puppet plays.
"I told myself that I could not let the art disappear in my hands," Wang said.
In 2000, he went back to Sichuan and, with the help of a friend, managed to put on a show in the provincial capital, Chengdu. The performance was a huge success and generated lots of media buzz.
Four years later, Wang went back to his hometown and started a shadow play troupe. Meanwhile, he continued to look for people willing to learn the art.
In 2007, he recruited 22 students to learn the art from him. He broke the tradition of imparting the skill to male students, by recruiting both male and female students, giving each of them 600 yuan (87 U.S. dollars) in subsidies every month.
But his efforts went to no avail. Most of the students looked at the art as "a temporary job" and gradually left. The last one to leave Wang's troupe was his favorite, but he told Wang that he was going to join the army.
"I gave him 1,000 yuan and bought him some fruit before sending him on his way," Wang said. "After that, I closed all the doors and cried."
Wang then locked himself in his room for the entire day, believing his craft was dying out for good.
Later Wang told his story to an official from the Ministry of Culture, and the official complimented him for "doing a worthy thing."
"Related laws and regulations protecting the art are still under discussion," the official told Wang.
In June 2011, China issued a law protecting intangible cultural heritage. In the same year, shadow puppetry was put on a list of intangible cultural heritage by UNESCO.
"Since then, I have felt like I will no longer be alone in the protection of cultural heritage," Wang said.
In the past few years, the limit of the fund Wang can apply for rose from 300,000 yuan to 1.5 million yuan, and he also receives 20,000 yuan of subsidies each year from the government.
A 4,200-square-meter museum featuring shadow puppetry is now under construction on a main street in his hometown. It will display the 50,000 puppets Wang owns.
Wang hopes to train more talent and create more shadow performing programs.
"I'm just glad that shadow plays are crawling out of the shadows in the modern era," he said.
