A Chinese arms control official called on the United States on Friday to "stop misrepresenting China's nuclear policy" and said that China "has not, and will not, engage in a nuclear arms race".
A representative of the U.S. told the First Committee of the United Nations General Assembly on Friday that Russia is violating the New START Treaty and employing "irresponsible nuclear rhetoric" amid the Ukraine crisis. The representative also claimed that China has not fully disclosed the extent of its nuclear weapons modernization.
Shen Jian, China's ambassador for disarmament affairs, told the committee that China's no-first-use policy "requires maintaining a certain level of ambiguity regarding its nuclear arsenal to ensure the survivability of its limited nuclear forces".
"As long as no country uses nuclear weapons against China, it will not face a nuclear threat from China. This is the most meaningful form of transparency," Shen said.
He said the U.S. possesses the largest and most advanced nuclear arsenal, adding that it adheres to "the policy of preemptive nuclear strikes, and even tailors nuclear deterrence strategies for other countries".
"The transparency of the U.S. display of nuclear power is nothing more than a 'muscle show' that will not make other countries feel safe," he said.
"China has consistently maintained its nuclear forces at the minimum level required for national security and has not, and will not, engage in a nuclear arms race," the Chinese envoy said.
He said China must "appropriately" modernize its nuclear forces to "ensure the safety, reliability and survivability of its minimum nuclear deterrent", as "China's external security environment continues to deteriorate", noting that certain countries are developing global missile defense systems and other weapons that "impact strategic stability".
He urged the U.S. to "stop misrepresenting China's nuclear policy". For 60 years, China has adhered to a no-first-use policy with a high degree of stability, consistency and predictability, he said. Recently, China again formally proposed that nuclear-armed states negotiate a "No First Use Treaty" or issue a joint political statement on the matter as soon as possible.
China has engaged in arms control and nonproliferation dialogues with many countries around the world, including the U.S., Shen said. As the current coordinator of the P5 mechanism, China is also actively promoting dialogue and cooperation among the five nuclear-weapon states.
The P5 mechanism is a dialogue process among the five permanent members of the UN Security Council: China, France, Russia, the United Kingdom and the U.S..
Shen said that the U.S. should stop projecting its logic that "power inevitably seeks dominance "onto China.
Shen said that over the past 20 years, the U.S. has withdrawn from the Anti-Ballistic Missile Treaty, the Intermediate-Range Nuclear Forces Treaty and the Iran nuclear deal, and these moves undermine the international arms control regime.
According to The New York Times, amid ongoing global conflicts, the U.S. plans to allocate an estimated $1.7 trillion over the next 30 years to modernize its arsenal.
Shen noted that while some countries have criticized China and Russia with regard to their nuclear arsenals, they made "no mention of other nuclear-weapon states upgrading their arsenals". He called this a "double standard "and emphasized that such actions, which "draw lines based on ideology and stir up bloc confrontation", will not advance nuclear disarmament.
Wang Zhen, a researcher of international politics at the Shanghai Academy of Social Sciences' Institute of International Relations, told China Daily that "the U.S.' misrepresenting of China's nuclear development serves mainly to justify its upgrading of its nuclear arsenal, and the so-called 'China nuclear threat' is used as an excuse to adjust its nuclear strategy".
He said that the U.S., despite its huge nuclear arsenal, clings to a first-use nuclear deterrence policy, which "underscores its pursuit of nuclear hegemony".
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