Chemical leak into river puts focus on plant(2)

Although the Handan government confirmed on Tuesday that the water quality from a local reservoir, the source of the city's drinking water, has not been affected, questions remain as to whether the chemical company and Changzhi government concealed the truth from the public.

Wang Junyan, secretary of the Party committee at Tianji Coal Chemical Industry Group, said the delay in reporting the leak came about because the company underestimated the quantity and the potential damage of the spill. Wang said initial estimates suggested that 1.5 tons of aniline had leaked from the plant. In fact, approximately nine metric tons entered the river after 39 metric tons flowed into the abandoned reservoir.

Zhang Bao, the mayor of Changzhi, issued an apology for the delay during a media briefing on Jan 7.

Production suspended

There were few workers to be seen in the area surrounding Tianji Coal Chemical Industry Group's plants on Wednesday. When questioned, security guards patrolling behind the locked gates said production has been suspended.

"It must be true, because there's no smoke coming out of the tallest chimney," commented Chen Yuting, a 50-year-old taxi driver. "It's likely to cost the company a fortune. I heard that it costs tens of millions of yuan to restart all the equipment."

Chen, who has been carrying passengers around the region for eight years, said that sometimes when he drives past the plant area, he can smell a sharp, unpleasant odor.

On the road running alongside a small ditch east of the plant area, a series of newly erected bulletin boards warned locals that neither people nor livestock should go near the ditch or use the liquid inside.

The ditch widens when it reaches Panshitou village in Huangniuti town. More than 30 villagers, led by the village head, were digging at the light-yellow ice in the ditch using iron picks and shovels.

A sharp odor rose as a yellow liquid became visible below the ice, causing people to cough, but the villagers, none of whom wore breathing apparatus, seemed indifferent and continued to dig.

They said they didn't know about the spill until they saw the news reports on Jan 5 and 6. "People don't usually come here. While it's fine in winter, the odor is much worse in summer," said one villager.

Further downstream in Huangniuti Reservoir, which held up to 30 metric tons of aniline from the spill, several large earthmovers were gouging paths in the frozen ground to allow the trucks carrying activated carbon to reach the far end where the ice has formed. Hundreds of workers from Lu'an Group, the parent of Tianji Coal Chemical Industry Group, were drilling holes in the ice and pumping out the liquid underneath.

"Both the ice and the liquid containing aniline will be shipped to Tianji's emergency pool and will be further treated after melting," Wang Fucun, head of Tianji Group's water supply plant, told Xinhua News Agency. The water will be used as industrial circulating fluid when its quality eventually conforms to national standards.

Open valve

Normally in the event of a chemical spill, toxic liquids are directed into an emergency holding pool. But in this case, the pollutants were instead carried through a drainage canal for rainwater and ended up flowing into the river.

Here the details become sketchy, but Xinhua reported that an open valve allowed the liquid to flow into the river. The valve is only supposed to be opened on especially stormy days to allow rainwater to flow out of the plant, but it was open when the leak occurred and the investigation has yet to establish why.

Media criticism has also focused on an expensive monitoring facility that for some reason failed to respond during the spill.

In 2008, the automatic monitoring center, the first in China and costing 850 million yuan, was established in Shanxi. The center, under the direction of the leader of the provincial department of environmental protection, monitors discharges of pollutants from a number of companies, including Tianji Coal Chemical Industry Group and sends real-time reports to the department via wireless Internet.

The provincial administration has yet to respond to the question of why the monitoring system didn't work when the aniline spill occurred.

The website of Tianji Coal Chemical Industry Group claims that the company was commended in 2011 for its achievements in environmental protection, energy conservation and emissions reductions.

However, according to Xinhua, in both 2011 and 2012 the company was investigated and punished by the provincial environment department for the excessive discharge of pollutants and irregular use of monitoring equipment.