Full text: Report on China's central, local budgets(20)

1) Main items provided for in the central budget

(1) Main revenue items

On the basis of relevant targets set forth in the plan for national economic and social development, we have considered factors that could increase or reduce revenue due to adjustments in fiscal and tax policies, analyzed and calculated figures for all revenue items, and set the following targets for major revenue items in the 2012 central budget: revenue from domestic VAT will amount to 2.025 trillion yuan, up 10.8%; revenue from domestic excise tax, 770 billion yuan, up 11%; revenue from customs duties as well as VAT and excise tax on imports, 1.7528 trillion yuan, up 8.7%; revenue from corporate income tax, 1.112 trillion yuan, up 11%; revenue from individual income tax, 340 billion yuan, down 6.4%; VAT and excise tax rebates on exports, 995 billion yuan, up 8.1%; and non-tax revenue, 282.6 billion yuan, up 5.6%.

(2) Main expenditure items

In compiling the central expenditure budget, we have further optimized the spending structure. The main expenditure items are arranged as follows.

The appropriation for education is 378.132 billion yuan, an increase of 16.4%. This consists of 102.887 billion yuan of central government spending and 275.245 billion yuan in transfer payments to local governments. We will allocate 15 billion yuan, up 48.1%, in subsidies to implement a host of policies and measures for promoting the development of preschool education, with the focus on the central and western regions and poor areas of the eastern region. We will spend 105.754 billion yuan to improve the mechanism for guaranteeing funding for rural compulsory education, push forward upgrading of weak rural compulsory education schools, implement the plan to attract exemplary teachers to work in rural compulsory education schools and the state programs to train primary and secondary school teachers, and promote balanced development of compulsory education. We plan to disburse 16 billion yuan in rewards and subsidies to carry out an initiative designed to improve the nutrition of rural students attending compulsory education schools in contiguous areas with particular difficulties. We will earmark 8.2 billion yuan to exempt urban compulsory education students from tuition and miscellaneous fees, and make compulsory education equally available to children of rural migrant workers in cities. We will allocate 25.68 billion yuan, up 91.7%, to further strengthen vocational education infrastructure and phase in a system to make secondary vocational education free of charge; 20.697 billion yuan in subsidies to improve the policy system for providing government financial aid to students from poor families; and 135.25 billion yuan, up 24%, to advance Project 985 and Project 211 and support the development of local colleges and universities.

The appropriation for science and technology is 228.546 billion yuan, an increase of 12.4%. This figure consists of 223.44 billion yuan of central government spending and 5.106 billion yuan in transfer payments to local governments. We will further improve the structure of science and technology spending, and highlight support for key areas. We will appropriate 45.6 billion yuan to ensure the implementation of major state science and technology projects. With a total allocation of 32.459 billion yuan, we will increase investment in the State Natural Sciences Fund, and give impetus to capacity building in key state laboratories and basic research institutes. We will disburse 119.39 billion yuan, an increase of 19.7%, to support research on cutting-edge technologies, research for public benefit, and R&D on major generic key technologies. A total of 4.12 billion yuan will be earmarked to strengthen R&D on and industrial application of key industrial technologies and to help enterprises increase their innovation capabilities. We will launch a state seed fund for applying scientific and technological advances to spur their translation into practical productive forces. We will guide the development of local scientific and technological work toward the creation of regional innovation systems with distinctive local features. We will protect intellectual property rights more effectively and promote the development of Chinese intellectual property rights.