Higher degree graduates face battle in job market

Graduates with higher degrees in China are feeling the pinch in the job market as competitors with lower education levels rise on par and catch up as magnets for employers.

The situation came to the fore following publication of the latest statistics this week showing that by the end of June 2014, vocational school graduates reported the highest employment rate in east China's Jiangxi Province, standing at 82.7 percent.

Bachelor's, master's and Ph.D. graduates in the province had employment rates of 80.25 percent, 69.48 percent and 73.5 percent respectively.

Many Chinese students invariably think that a higher degree guarantees better job chances, but those with lower education levels have been bucking the trend in recent years by showing better employment rates in the job market.

Vocational school students in the northeastern province of Jilin reported an employment rate of 84.38 percent in 2013, higher than their counterparts with bachelor's and master's degrees at 83.34 percent and 75.07 percent respectively. Similar trends were reported in the eastern provinces of Zhejiang and Jiangsu.

Yu Le, a postgraduate who majored in translation at Jiangxi Normal University, has sent her resume countless times online and went to multiple job interviews in the first half of the year.

But the 24-year-old student is now sitting on pins and needles as she has not nailed down a satisfying job pending the university's graduation ceremony this week.

Her friend Li Yi, a vocational school graduate, however, easily snared a contract with a Japanese company for a salesman position.

"My master's degree did not give me much advantage against other job seekers," Yu said. "I wonder if I made the right decision by spending two more years on campus," she told Xinhua.

WANING AUTHORITY OF HIGHER DEGREES

One of the underlying reasons for the situation is that the prestige of higher degrees is waning amid lowering education quality.

China started to expand enrollment of college students in 1999 in a step toward stimulating a weak economy and easing employment pressure. In a similar scheme, the country encouraged the expansion of postgraduate enrollment in 2009.

The expansions have prompted a spike in graduate numbers. Under the ambitious schemes, the number of graduates is estimated to surge to 7.27 million in 2014, five times of that eleven years ago and the highest in history.

"Colleges and students may have boomed over the years, but education quality has been compromised, and so has the authority of higher degrees," said Xiong Bingqi, vice director of 21st Century Research Institute, an independent think tank in Beijing.

Xiong said lots of students pursue higher education not because they are passionate about academic research, but to stave off the grim job market, only to find themselves competing with their "lower" peers.

Students with higher degrees also tend to be pickier than others. According to a survey by MyCOS Data, a Beijing-based firm in higher education consulting and outcome evaluation in China, vocational school graduates prefer jobs in small and medium-sized private companies while undergraduates and postgraduates put state-owned enterprises and government jobs on their priority list.

"Two years ago, I would be happy to be a teacher at an English training school, but now with a master's degree, I expect to find a job with better social status and higher income," said Yu Le. She admitted she has missed quite a few opportunities due to hesitation.

But opportunities for people like Yu are decreasing thanks to the sluggish recovery of the global economy and the slowdown of Chinese economic development, said Liao Mingbo, an official from the employment service department of Jiangxi Province.

"A lot of companies have cut their recruitment quotas by a large margin and there are more entry-level positions than high-end vacancies," he said.

Li Yi, on the other hand, is under no illusions amid intense competition.

"I only have a vocational school degree, so I don't expect too much. When a good opportunity comes, I just grasp it," Li said.