China issues white paper on Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps(2)

It is subordinated to the dual leadership of the central government and Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, according to the white paper.

Starting from scratch 60 years ago, the XPCC workers have reclaimed ecological oases from the desolate Gobi desert, initiated Xinjiang's modernization, built large-scale agriculture and industrial and mining enterprises, and established new cities and towns through joining hands with local people of all ethnic groups.

By the end of 2013, the XPCC had 176 regiments, 14 divisions, an area of 70,600 square kilometers under its administration, including 1,244,770 hectares of farmland, and a population of 2,701,400, accounting for 11.9 percent of Xinjiang's total population, figures from the white paper show.

The total output value of the XPCC in 2013 was 149.987 billion yuan (24.2 billion U.S. dollars), 220 times that in 1954 when it was established, with an annual growth of 9.6 percent; and 22.9 times that in 1981 when the XPCC was reinstated, with an annual growth of 10.4 percent.

"Xinjiang has a long border, and safeguarding it is the responsibility the state has entrusted to the XPCC," the white paper said.

The XPCC, a highly organized paramilitary force, has played a special role in safeguarding Xinjiang's social stability and in cracking down on violent terrorist crimes, according to the white paper.

Since the 1980s the threat of the "three forces" -- separatists, religious extremists and terrorists -- to Xinjiang's social stability has grown, it said.

In rapid response to the July 5 Urumqi riot of 2009, the XPCC sent militias to patrol the city and guard key districts from possible attacks.

"At present, the XPCC is focusing its efforts on forging a top militia force in China, and building a system of regular rotation training and standby duty, which combines production, training, duty performance, and emergency response," it said.

"In the new historical period, the XPCC must play its part as a stabilizer of frontier security and stability, a melting pot of all ethnic groups, and a demonstration zone for advanced productive forces and culture," it said.

"It must reinforce itself, further its integration with the local society, be devoted to social stability and lasting peace in Xinjiang, and perform all its functions as entrusted by the central government."