China's young lose face in the pursuit of beauty(2)

Media reported more than 20,000 cosmetic surgery institutions are operating in ROK. But data from the Korean Association of Plastic Surgeons showed that only 1,500 of them registered in the association and 2,100 plastic surgeons got license.

The "ghost doctors" who stand in for experienced surgeons and perform actual surgeries are an open secret in the industry.

Cho Soo Young, public relations director of the association, suggested customers check doctor's qualification on its website before making the decision.

Many overseas students and travel agencies moonlight as intermediaries for hospitals in Seoul, reaping as much as 50 percent of the operation's fees.

In addition, Chinese patients are often charged twice or three times the amount ROK citizens pay, said former actress Jin Weikun.

Jin, 26, reshaped her face and augmented her breasts last year to "improve her career". She was left with a plethora of medical problems.

In response, she set up the group "Fight to Win" on messaging app WeChat, which now has more than 200 Chinese members, including men, who claim to have been left disfigured after going under the knife in Seoul.

Few, however, have any supporting medical documentation, such as invoices or pre-surgery agreements, which makes it almost impossible to claim compensation. Many members of the group now struggle with depression and some have even attempted suicide, Jin said.

Societal pressure and the misconception that being beautiful is a shortcut to success are often cited by patients as the reasons they chose cosmetic surgery.

"They promised me a high-bridged nose and a lower hairline with no scars on the forehead," said Mi Yuanyuan from Ningbo, a port city in the east Chinese province of Zhejiang.

She went to a Seoul clinic called Faceline in September 2013, after watching a plastic surgery reality show.

Mi said she was given a document while she was on the operation table. "I cannot read a word of Korean and so had no idea what it said. All I knew was that I was ready for the operation. I had no time to ask questions."

The paper, as Faceline explained to Xinhua in an email interview, was the pre-surgery statement declaring that the patient understood all the potential side effects. The doctors had explained to Mi clearly and she had signed it.

After the surgery Mi suffered nose pain, hair loss and there are visible scars on her forehead, which Faceline insisted were from previous cosmetic surgery she had in China and not as serious as Mi claimed.

China, however, is not without its own surgery horror stories. The China Consumers' Association said its branches nationwide handled at least 1,400 complaints over aesthetic and cosmetic procedures last year, though many more cases are believed to go unreported. The sad truth may be that perhaps people will only take notice when the operations have fatal consequences?

Wang Bei, 24, a former contestant on the hit talent show "Super Girl", died in 2010 due to complications from anaesthesia during plastic surgery in Wuhan, capital of Hubei Province. The case raised concern about the safety of plastic surgery.

COMPETITIVE EDGE OR SPIRITUAL VOID?

Despite the damage, some people do not regret having gone under the knife.

"Plastic surgery is just another way to give yourself an edge in today's super-competitive society," said Jin.

"You can't blame people for turning to surgery to look good, in a society where being pretty simply trumps everything," she added.

Last week Xinhua interviewed 207 students randomly chosen from three Chinese universities in Beijing, Tianjin and Nanjing. More than 16 percent said they had "thought about reshaping their faces," while 191 interviewees thought people with good looks would get more career or education opportunities.

Nearly 60 percent of the customers at major cosmetic surgery clinics in Shanghai were college students who wanted "small improvements," said a doctor in the city.

Plastic surgery is not just the realm of women. Men account for nearly 10 percent of those student patients choosing face-lifts, the doctor said.

Zhang Yan, a researcher with the Academy of Social Sciences in the northwest province of Shaanxi, said plastic surgery should be reserved for victims of fire or other accidents.

"Young people need intelligence more than good looks to survive in society," said Zhang. "After all, a pretty face cannot fill the spiritual void."